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Trees woods and wildlife

Phytophthora lateralis

A fatal fungus-like species that attacks Lawson cypress, Phytophthora lateralis stops trees from transporting vital nutrients.

Trees woods and wildlife

Sirococcus tsugae

A fungal disease that attacks cedars and hemlock, Sirococcus tsugae can cause disfigurement and eventually death to shoots and branches.

Trees woods and wildlife

Phytophthora austrocedri

Phytophthora austrocedri is a pathogen that infects and kills native juniper trees. Junipers are one of our rarest native trees and an attack from this fungi-like species is a devastating blow to some of the UK’s populations.

About us

Wood Wise magazine

Delve deeper into the news and science behind our tree and woodland conservation work with Wood Wise magazine.

Support us

Get inspired by William Shakespeare

Discover the trees and plants in William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream.

Journal

Wood Wise – birds in focus

The autumn 2014 issue of Wood Wise focuses on woodland birds, the threats they face and how habitat creation can boost declining populations.

PDF  (5.67 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – nature recovery at scale

Read the autumn 2022 issue of Wood Wise, which explores how we can drive nature recovery on a landscape scale.

PDF  (5.81 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – reintroducing lost species

The autumn 2018 issue of Wood Wise looks at the species reintroductions for conservation, focusing on a number of projects happening across the UK.

PDF  (2.57 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – fabulous fungi

The autumn 2015 issue of Wood Wise explores the fascinating world of fungi, their essential role in woodland and their complex relationship with trees.

PDF  (1.58 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise - creating tomorrow's woods

Read the autumn 2021 issue of Wood Wise, all about how to create healthy woods for the future.

PDF  (2.83 MB)

Trees woods and wildlife

Phytophthora ramorum

Phytophthora ramorum is a fungal-like organism that causes the death of a wide range of trees and shrubs. The greatest impact so far has been on larch plantations, leading to thousands of hectares of felling around the UK.

Journal

Wood Wise – ancient trees

The spring 2014 issue of Wood Wise looks at the ecology of ancient and veteran trees, the work to identify and protect them, and what the future holds.

PDF  (4.11 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – nature-positive economy

Read the summer 2023 issue of Wood Wise, which explores the new narrative of a nature-positive economy.

PDF  (8.89 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – forest flora

The spring 2018 issue of Wood Wise focuses on woodland ground flora – the wildflowers and plants that need protection and sensitive management.

PDF  (2.82 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – citizen science

The spring 2015 issue of Wood Wise looks at citizen science – projects that mobilise the general public for scientific knowledge gathering.

PDF  (19.35 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – conservation grazing in woodland management

The autumn 2012 issue of Wood Wise examines the value of grazing for woodland management, including the impacts difference grazers can have.

PDF  (3.39 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – iconic oak

The summer 2019 issue of Wood Wise tells the story of oak – of its role in British culture, as a haven for wildlife, and the threats it faces.

PDF  (4.47 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – woodland management for sun-loving butterflies

The autumn 2013 issue of Wood Wise examines how the careful management of open space in woodland can benefit declining butterflies such as fritillaries.

PDF  (1.55 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise - woods in waiting

Read the autumn 2020 issue of Wood Wise, our tree and woodland conservation magazine, which discusses the importance of natural regeneration for expanding tree and woodland cover in the UK.

PDF  (5.28 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – beguiling beetles

The summer 2017 issue of Wood Wise celebrates the UK’s tree-associated beetles, looking at their ecological requirements and their relationship with tree diseases.

PDF  (4.85 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – future forests

The spring 2019 issue of Wood Wise focuses on what needs to be done to manage the UK’s woods to nurture healthy, resilient wooded landscapes of the future.

PDF  (5.78 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – hedgerows and hedgerow trees

The summer 2014 issue of Wood Wise looks at the benefits hedges provide, their management for wildlife, and hedgerow planting and improvement schemes.

PDF  (2.32 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise - trees for good

Read the spring 2020 issue of Wood Wise, all about how trees can simultaneously tackle the climate and nature emergencies.

PDF  (3.05 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – trees for water

Read the spring 2022 issue of Wood Wise, which explores the relationship between trees and water.

PDF  (4.90 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – life in deadwood

The autumn 2019 issue of Wood Wise dispels any myths about deadwood and raises awareness of its importance to people and wildlife.

PDF  (4.01 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – wood pasture restoration and creation

The winter 2012 issue of Wood Wise looks at wood pasture, an ancient and diverse habitat that supports a number of species, veteran trees and grazing animals.

PDF  (4.25 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – tree pests and diseases

The summer 2013 issue of Wood Wise looks at the tree pests and diseases already causing problems in the UK, as well as potential future threats.

PDF  (2.55 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – marvellous mammals

The summer 2016 issue of Wood Wise spotlights the many mammals that call UK woodlands home, and the projects to bring them back to old haunts.

PDF  (1.56 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – ancient woodland restoration

The summer 2015 issue of Wood Wise looks at the range of projects striving to bring light and life back to damaged native woods through careful restoration.

PDF  (1.99 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – natural and cultural heritage

The winter 2015 issue of Wood Wise explores the importance of protecting heritage features and the conflicts that can arise between trees and archaeology.

PDF  (8.66 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – invasive species management in woodland habitats

The spring 2013 issue of Wood Wise focuses on invasive species and the threat they pose to the health of our woods, the economy and human health.

PDF  (3.64 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – seeds of hope

The autumn 2016 issue of Wood Wise explores genetic diversity in native trees and shrubs, and how to safeguard genetic resources for the future.

PDF  (1.83 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – nature inspires education

The autumn 2017 issue of Wood Wise focuses on how connecting with nature can educate and inspire the environmental guardians and conservationists of the future.

PDF  (1.87 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – beyond the woods

The spring 2017 issue of Wood Wise explores the importance of trees outside woods for people, wildlife and the environment, as well as the threats they face.

PDF  (1.94 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – EU-exit impacts

The summer 2018 issue of Wood Wise looks at key areas of UK environmental legislation and protection that will be affected by leaving the EU.

PDF  (6.56 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – open space habitats in woodland

The spring 2012 issue of Wood Wise looks at the importance of open space in woodland and the species that rely on the special conditions they provide.

PDF  (4.43 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – secrets of the soil

The spring 2016 issue of Wood Wise delves into woodland soil, its function, its species, the threats to its health, and ways to manage it for the future.

PDF  (1.39 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – trees and woodland in water management

The winter 2013 issue of Wood Wise discusses the use of trees and woodland for flood mitigation, river cooling, soil protection and farm management.

PDF  (2.81 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise – woodland management for protected species

The summer 2012 issue of Wood Wise looks at how sensitive woodland management is being used to support red squirrels, stag beetles, Scottish wildcats and more.

PDF  (3.54 MB)

Journal

Wood Wise - evidence for action

This issue of Wood Wise delves deeper into some of the issues highlighted in our landmark State of the UK’s Woods and Trees 2021 report.

PDF  (6.94 MB)

Trees woods and wildlife

Barnacle lichen

Looking like little barnacles growing on tree trunks, get to know barnacle lichen which you'll find on the bark of living trees in ancient wood.

Trees woods and wildlife

Barn owl

With bright white feathers and a distinctive heart-shaped face, there’s no mistaking the barn owl. Catching sight of one on the wing is always a delight. 

Trees woods and wildlife

Barbastelle bat

Distinctive, rare, elusive. The barbastelle bat lives in deciduous woodland and looks unlike any other bat. If you’re lucky, you might spot it hunting in wet woodland.

Trees woods and wildlife

Great spruce bark beetle

The great spruce bark beetle damages spruce trees by tunnelling into the bark. This pest was accidentally introduced into the UK in 1982 and now has become established in Western England, Wales and Southern Scotland.

Trees woods and wildlife

Eight-toothed spruce bark beetle

One of the most serious forestry pests in Europe. If left uncontrolled, the eight-toothed spruce bark beetle has the potential to cause significant damage to the UK’s forestry and timber industries.

Position statement

Ash dieback – the Woodland Trust's position

Ash dieback, caused by the non-native invasive fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, presents a major threat to the UK’s treescape on a scale not seen since the Dutch elm disease epidemic of the 1970s.

PDF  (333 KB)

Blog

Tree bark crafts: bark rubbings and more

Try our fun and simple tree bark arts and crafts. From bark rubbing to leaf boats, there’s something for all ages.

Danielle Wesley  •  21 Nov 2019

About us

Northern Ireland

We’re helping wildlife thrive in the beautiful Faughan Valley. We’re campaigning to protect Northern Ireland’s last remnants of ancient woodland. And we look after 50 woods across the north of the Emerald Isle.

Trees woods and wildlife

Mistletoe

Romantic, parasitic and poisonous, mistletoe loves broadleaf trees and provides an important habitat for woodland wildlife. Its leathery green leaves offer welcome colour among bare winter branches when much else is dormant.

Trees woods and wildlife

Nightjar

Mysterious and elusive, the nightjar is one of our most intriguing birds. A summer visitor with bark-like plumage, it can be incredibly difficult to spot.

Trees woods and wildlife

Chestnut, sweet

Introduced by the Romans and a roasted winter treat. These long-lived giants, with their prickly-husks and deeply grooved bark, give us our classic Christmas nut.

Protecting trees and woods

Amaeth-goedwigaeth yng Nghymru

Gall amaeth-goedwigaeth arwain at gynaeafau mwy amrywiol, cynhyrchiol a chynaliadwy a chael effaith barhaol ar fywyd gwyllt, yr economi leol a thirwedd.

Trees woods and wildlife

Birch, silver

Pretty, pale, a symbol of purity. This common tree, with its silver-white bark, is favoured by gardeners who want to renew and purify their land for coming year.

About us

Wales

We're standing up for trees in Wales and demanding better protection for our natural heritage. We also care for 100 Welsh woods, from precious ancient woodlands to newly-planted wildlife havens created with local communities.

About us

England

We're fighting to stop HS2 from destroying irreplaceable ancient woodland. We're helping youngsters create the first Young People's Forest. And we care for 800 sites across England, from wildlife-rich native woods to tranquil urban oases.

Trees woods and wildlife

Red-headed cardinal beetle

A flame-coloured sun worshiper, the red-headed cardinal basks in the summer sun in woods and hedgerows, and nestles under loose bark on broadleaved trees.

Trees woods and wildlife

Fine streaked bugkin

Lover of oak and hawthorn, this bug is pretty unmistakeable. Look out for its bright and bold markings as it basks on bark and leaves.

Press centre

Logging horse and 'Water Horse' team up to revive ancient Highland forest

The newest form of timber transport has teamed up with the oldest, in a bid to restore a spectacular remnant of Caledonian pinewood and Scotland’s rainforest.

Trees woods and wildlife

Other invertebrates

Woodland supports thousands, probably millions, of insects and invertebrates that live among the leaves, under bark, in dead wood and on the woodland floor.

Trees woods and wildlife

Moths

While they may not be seen as quite as attractive as butterflies, moths have a beauty all of their own. A whole host of moth species live in woodland, using their camouflage skills to blend in with tree bark, leaves and other woodland features. There are over 2,500 species of moth in the UK.

Trees woods and wildlife

Red-necked longhorn beetle

The red-necked longhorn beetle is native to eastern Asia and is a serious threat to trees in the genus Prunus like cherries and plums. Its larvae tunnel and feed under the bark and in the wood causing low fruit yield and possible death.

About us

Cymru

Ein gwaith yng Nghymru

Case study

Tree disease and plantation on ancient woodland sites

A case study on how ancient woodland restoration can proceed following the clear felling necessary to eliminate Phytophthora ramorum, a tree disease of larch.

PDF  (512 KB)

Position statement

Ancient woodland and translocation – the Trust's position

The Woodland Trust reject suggestions that translocation of material from ancient woodland can mitigate loss, damage or destruction of this important habitat.

PDF  (681 KB)

Policy paper

Trees and woods: at the heart of nature recovery in Scotland

This report shows the central role that native woods and trees must play in restoring nature in Scotland, and how the government and local authorities can help.

PDF  (3.03 MB)

Press centre

One little word makes a huge difference for Scotland’s dwindling ancient woods

Campaigners are celebrating a major victory as new policy bars developments damaging ancient woods and trees.

Blog

What is lichen? Seven types of lichen found on trees

Lichen can be very visible on branches and bark at this time of year. They can be really difficult to identify, but here are seven common lichens that grow on trees.

Kylie Harrison Mellor  •  24 Apr 2019

Blog

Beech tree facts: purple leaves, rippled bark and more

Beech is one of our most popular trees. Here are our tips on how to identify them, why some may look a little different and other interesting facts.

Emilie Bonnevay  •  15 Jul 2019

Press centre

Deer in Scotland: a way forward?

Deer numbers in Scotland have doubled since 1990, posing a growing barrier to woodland creation and restoration.

Blog

How to identify winter trees quiz - twigs, buds and silhouettes

When deciduous trees shed their leaves in winter, identification can be tricky. But even on bare trees there are clues to look out for. Take this quiz and test your winter tree ID knowledge.

Helen Keating  •  17 Dec 2020

Policy paper

Agroforestry in England: benefits and barriers

Examining the benefits and opportunities trees on farms can offer, including increased productivity, environmental protection and agricultural resilience.

PDF  (1.47 MB)

Blog

Wander through history: fascinating ruins and relics in 10 UK woods

Walk back in time and discover heritage sites and historical ruins in some of the UK’s most enthralling woodlands, from ramparts and barrows to abandoned buildings and bomb shelters.

Chris Britt-Searle  •  01 Mar 2024

Press centre

Our statement on new Government ELM announcement on funding for farmers

Our response to Steve Barclay's Oxford Conference announcement regarding Environmental Land Management payments for farmers.

Case study

Cynaeafu coed tân trwy adfer coetir hynafol

Gan nad oes llawer ar gael o ran cymorth grant o’r llywodraeth, mae angen arloesi weithiau er mwyn adfer coetir hynafol. Fe edrychodd perchnogion Barling’s Barn, busnes gwyliau hunanarlwyo ger Llanbrynmair yng Nghanolbarth Cymru, at gynhaeaf cynaliadwy o danwydd coed. Mae'r canlyniadau wedi bod yn wych.

PDF  (5.11 MB)

Blog

How to identify UK owl calls

Heard a screech in the night or a hoot in the woods? One of the UK's five resident owl species could be at large. Learn how to identify owl calls, from tawny owl to barn owl.

Charlotte Varela  •  21 Dec 2023

Policy paper

Trees and woods: at the heart of nature recovery in Northern Ireland

This report outlines the critical role that native natural and semi-natural woods and trees must play in restoring nature, and how the government and local authorities can ensure nature’s recovery is embedded in local plans.

PDF  (2.58 MB)

Policy paper

Trees and woods: at the heart of nature recovery in England

This report shows the central role that native natural and semi-natural woods and trees must play in restoring nature, and how the government and local authorities can embed nature's recovery in local plans.

PDF  (4.96 MB)

Blog

Seed dispersal: 5 ways trees spread their seeds

Trees have found several ingenious ways to ensure their seeds are spread far and wide. Some use wind or water, some use explosive force, and some hitch a ride on passing animals. We look at each of these clever methods.

Amy Lewis  •  23 Aug 2019

Blog

Hairy caterpillar identification: 16 common UK species

Spotted a furry caterpillar undulating across the path in front of you or munching leaves in your garden? Learn to tell your tussocks from your tigers with our quick guide to some common UK species.

Amy Lewis  •  10 Jun 2021

Blog

Stoat or weasel? How to tell the difference

Did you see a stoat on your last woodland walk? Or perhaps it was a weasel? Our guide will help you to tell these pint-sized predators apart. We also take a look at some of the other related species found here in the UK.

James Martin  •  01 Feb 2019

Support us

Mead appeal, Derbyshire

With your help we can achieve our vision for Derbyshire's Young People's Forest and begin to realise its amazing potential.

Trees woods and wildlife

Beech, common

Monumental, majestic, home to rare wildlife. Beech is an enchanting species and known as the queen of British trees. To wander beneath the leafy canopy, its cathedral-like branches spreading upwards, is an awe-inspiring experience.

Trees woods and wildlife

Plane wilt

A serious fungal disease of plane, plane wilt is usually fatal and can kill trees within two to five years.

Trees woods and wildlife

Pendulous sedge

Attractive, strong, damp-lover. Spot pendulous sedge swooning in damp woodland and river banks. It’s useful in a pinch, with edible seeds and strong leaves that can be made into rope and matting.

Trees woods and wildlife

Great spotted woodpecker

Not afraid to make itself heard. The great spotted woodpecker is equipped with a toolkit that makes it a true woodland specialist. Its strong beak and shock-absorbing skull are perfect for finding food and making its home among the trees.

Support us

Ausewell Wood appeal, Dartmoor

With its dramatic rocky outcrops, raw and rugged beauty, and precious, endangered wildlife, Ausewell Wood is the lost world that needs your help.

Blog

Do bats hibernate in winter? And more bat facts

What do British bats do when winter is coming? Find out more about six UK bat species and what you can do to help them.

Joe Bates  •  03 Dec 2018

Trees woods and wildlife

Aspen

Trembling, fluttering and shimmering in the slightest breeze. The rippling leaves of this beautiful tree give it its name: quaking aspen.

Blog

What do owls eat? And other owl facts

Find out all about what our feathered friends the owls eat, along with other interesting owl facts.

The Woodland Trust  •  18 Jan 2019

Blog

10 camping activities for kids who love wildlife

Discover 10 wildlife-themed activities for kids and families to enjoy on a camping trip.

Danielle Wesley  •  02 Aug 2023

Trees woods and wildlife

Ancient trees

Ancient trees are irreplaceable. Steeped in history, these impressive trees have been standing tall for hundreds of years and are invaluable homes for wildlife.

Trees woods and wildlife

Holly

Festive, neat and prickly. Holly is a well-loved shrub that shelters birds and gives hedgehogs a cosy place to hibernate.

Blog

Tree ID for kids

Help youngsters learn how to identify trees through the seasons with our tree-spotting activities.

Danielle Wesley  •  02 Mar 2020

Press centre

A9 central reservation is in a better state than surrounding hills

A central reservation of one of Scotland's busiest roads, the A9, is in a more natural state than the surrounding hills, says report from the Woodland Trust.

Blog

Why does sap rise in spring?

Pruning deciduous trees should be avoided during spring because the sap is rising – but what does this actually mean?

Charlotte Varela  •  20 May 2024

Blog

How to make a butterfly house: a step by step guide

Follow our easy guide to make your own butterfly house! It doesn't take long and supports your local pollinators.

Rachel Hoskins  •  12 Jul 2019