Restoring woods

Why do we need to restore woods?

Ancient woodland is one of our richest wildlife habitats. It is scarce and irreplaceable, covering less than 2 per cent of the UK’s land area.

Yet, many ancient woods have been planted with non-native conifers. We call these planted ancient woodland sites or PAWS.

Hundreds of thousands of hectares/acres of ancient woodland were converted to conifers between the 1930s and 1980s.

The communities of plants and animals that depended upon the stable environment that ancient woodland provided were damaged by the process of establishing the conifers - undertaken with the aim of producing timber for the forestry industry.

As the conifers grew they produced dense, year round shade. This cut out the light to any surviving trees and the delicate plants below, causing them to whither and die and breaking the complex web of interactions that previously existed.

Although damaged, these woods are not beyond repair.

Many of these planted ancient woods still have elements of the previous native woodland ecosystem surviving. Remnants of ancient-woodland features like old native broadleaved trees, woodland specialist flora like bluebells and dog’s mercury and important habitat like deadwood can be typically found here.

The unseen but very complex systems operating in the soil of these woods have lain there for hundreds if not thousands of years and often remain completely undisturbed. The delicate plants have hung on underneath. They are just waiting for an opportunity (and enough light) to thrive again.

We need to take action to save what remains and build on it - and we need this process to start as soon as possible. 

Research shows that most of the conifers planted on ancient woodland sites will reach maturity in the near future. If they are felled and replaced with more conifers, the ancient woodland remnants that hung on through the first period of conversion may not survive a second.
 
We want to see the active conservation management of all ancient woods planted with non-native conifers as a priority. Restoration needs to be carried out sensitively and gradually to bring these valuable woods back to life.  

And this work needs to begin urgently!

Bluebells in Wentwood with fallen deadwood. Photo: WTPL (01961/0013)/ Steven Kind © Woodland Trust. (click to enlarge) 

Bluebells in Wentwood with fallen deadwood

 Please sign our petition!

We are calling for the restoration of PAWS on the public forest estate in England before any further sites are sold.

 What's the big deal?

The Woodland Trust is the UK's leading woodland conservation charity.

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